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1.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 45(8): 485-500, Noviembre 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-224246

RESUMO

Las infecciones se han convertido en una de las principales complicaciones de los pacientes con neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2 que ingresan en UCI. El deficiente estado inmunitario, el desarrollo frecuente de fracaso orgánico con necesidad de tratamientos de soporte invasivos y las estancias prolongadas en áreas estructurales en gran medida saturadas de enfermos son factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infecciones. El Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Sepsis GTEIS de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias SEMICYUC enfatiza la importancia de las medidas de prevención de infecciones relacionadas con los cuidados sanitarios, y de la detección y tratamiento precoz de las principales infecciones en el paciente con infección por SARS-CoV-2. La coinfección bacteriana, las infecciones respiratorias relacionadas con la ventilación mecánica, bacteriemia relacionada con el catéter, infección del tracto urinario asociado a dispositivo e infecciones oportunistas son desarrolladas. (AU)


Infections have become one of the main complications of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted in ICU. Poor immune status, frequent development of organic failure requiring invasive supportive treatments, and prolonged ICU length of stay in saturated structural areas of patients are risk factors for infection development. The Working Group on Infectious Diseases and Sepsis GTEIS of the Spanish Society of Intensive Medicine and Coronary Units SEMICYUC emphasizes the importance of infection prevention measures related to health care, the detection and early treatment of major infections in the patient with SARS-CoV-2 infections. Bacterial co-infection, respiratory infections related to mechanical ventilation, catheter-related bacteremia, device-associated urinary tract infection and opportunistic infections are review in the document. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/prevenção & controle , Infecções Oportunistas/complicações , Infecções Oportunistas/terapia , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Pacientes Internados
2.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 45(8): 485-500, 2021 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34475008

RESUMO

Infections have become one of the main complications of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted in ICU. Poor immune status, frequent development of organic failure requiring invasive supportive treatments, and prolonged ICU length of stay in saturated structural areas of patients are risk factors for infection development. The Working Group on Infectious Diseases and Sepsis GTEIS of the Spanish Society of Intensive Medicine and Coronary Units SEMICYUC emphasizes the importance of infection prevention measures related to health care, the detection and early treatment of major infections in the patient with SARS-CoV-2 infections. Bacterial co-infection, respiratory infections related to mechanical ventilation, catheter-related bacteremia, device-associated urinary tract infection and opportunistic infections are review in the document.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Hospitalização , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversos , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34092423

RESUMO

Infections have become one of the main complications of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted in ICU. Poor immune status, frequent development of organic failure requiring invasive supportive treatments, and prolonged ICU length of stay in saturated structural areas of patients are risk factors for infection development. The Working Group on Infectious Diseases and Sepsis GTEIS of the Spanish Society of Intensive Medicine and Coronary Units SEMICYUC emphasizes the importance of infection prevention measures related to health care, the detection and early treatment of major infections in the patient with SARS-CoV-2 infections. Bacterial co-infection, respiratory infections related to mechanical ventilation, catheter-related bacteremia, device-associated urinary tract infection and opportunistic infections are review in the document.

4.
Med Intensiva ; 45(8): 485-500, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33994616

RESUMO

Infections have become one of the main complications of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted in ICU. Poor immune status, frequent development of organic failure requiring invasive supportive treatments, and prolonged ICU length of stay in saturated structural areas of patients are risk factors for infection development. The Working Group on Infectious Diseases and Sepsis GTEIS of the Spanish Society of Intensive Medicine and Coronary Units SEMICYUC emphasizes the importance of infection prevention measures related to health care, the detection and early treatment of major infections in the patient with SARS-CoV-2 infections. Bacterial co-infection, respiratory infections related to mechanical ventilation, catheter-related bacteremia, device-associated urinary tract infection and opportunistic infections are review in the document.

5.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 45(2): 104-121, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32854988

RESUMO

Infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, known as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease-19) was initially detected in China in December 2019, and has subsequently spread rapidly throughout the world, to the point that on March 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the outbreak could be defined as a pandemic. COVID-19 disease ranges from mild flu-like episodes to other serious and even life-threatening conditions, mainly due to acute respiratory failure. These patients are frequently admitted to our Intensive Care Units in relation to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The lack of a treatment based on scientific evidence has led to the use of different management guidelines, in many cases with rapid changes in the applied protocols. Recent reviews in reputed journals have underscored the lack of proven therapies and the need for clinical trials to establish clear and objective treatment guidelines. The present study provides an update on the currently applied treatment, and intends to offer help in relation to daily care, without seeking to replace the protocols adopted in each individual center.


Assuntos
Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Monofosfato de Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Monofosfato de Adenosina/uso terapêutico , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Alanina/análogos & derivados , Alanina/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Azitromicina/uso terapêutico , COVID-19/terapia , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Hidroxicloroquina/uso terapêutico , Imunização Passiva , Imunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapêutico , Imunomodulação , Interferon beta/uso terapêutico , Proteína Antagonista do Receptor de Interleucina 1/uso terapêutico , Lopinavir/uso terapêutico , Nitrilas , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas , Ritonavir/uso terapêutico , Soroterapia para COVID-19
6.
Med Intensiva ; 45(2): 104-121, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38620757

RESUMO

Infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, known as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease-19) was initially detected in China in December 2019, and has subsequently spread rapidly throughout the world, to the point that on March 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the outbreak could be defined as a pandemic. COVID-19 disease ranges from mild flu-like episodes to other serious and even life-threatening conditions, mainly due to acute respiratory failure. These patients are frequently admitted to our Intensive Care Units in relation to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The lack of a treatment based on scientific evidence has led to the use of different management guidelines, in many cases with rapid changes in the applied protocols. Recent reviews in reputed journals have underscored the lack of proven therapies and the need for clinical trials to establish clear and objective treatment guidelines. The present study provides an update on the currently applied treatment, and intends to offer help in relation to daily care, without seeking to replace the protocols adopted in each individual center.

7.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 44(6): 363-370, ago.-sept. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-190825

RESUMO

En enero de 2020 China identificó un nuevo virus de la familia de los Coronaviridae como causante de varios casos de neumonía de origen desconocido. Inicialmente confinado a la ciudad de Wuhan, se extendió posteriormente fuera de las fronteras chinas. En España, el primer caso se declaró el 31 de enero de 2020. El 11 de marzo, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró el brote de coronavirus como pandemia. El 16 de marzo había 139 países afectados. Ante esta situación, las Sociedades Científicas SEMICYUC y SEEIUC han decidido la elaboración de este plan de contingencia para dar respuesta a las necesidades que conllevará esta nueva enfermedad. Se pretende estimar la magnitud del problema e identificar las necesidades asistenciales, de recursos humanos y materiales, de manera que los servicios de medicina intensiva del país tengan una herramienta que les permita una planificación óptima y realista con que responder a la pandemia


In January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified a new virus of the Coronaviridae family as the cause of several cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology. The outbreak was initially confined to Wuhan City, but then spread outside Chinese borders. On 31 January 2020, the first case was declared in Spain. On 11 March 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. On 16 March 2020, there were 139 countries affected. In this situation, the Scientific Societies SEMICYUC and SEEIUC, have decided to draw up this Contingency Plan to guide the response of the Intensive Care Services. The objectives of this plan are to estimate the magnitude of the problem and identify the necessary human and material resources. This is to provide the Spanish Intensive Medicine Services with a tool to programme optimal response strategies


Assuntos
Humanos , Planejamento em Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Críticos/organização & administração , Pandemias , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Espanha/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle
8.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 44(6): 363-370, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32336551

RESUMO

In January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified a new virus of the Coronaviridae family as the cause of several cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology. The outbreak was initially confined to Wuhan City, but then spread outside Chinese borders. On 31 January 2020, the first case was declared in Spain. On 11 March 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. On 16 March 2020, there were 139 countries affected. In this situation, the Scientific Societies SEMICYUC and SEEIUC have decided to draw up this Contingency Plan to guide the response of the Intensive Care Services. The objectives of this plan are to estimate the magnitude of the problem and identify the necessary human and material resources. This is to provide the Spanish Intensive Medicine Services with a tool to programme optimal response strategies.


Assuntos
Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Cuidados Críticos/organização & administração , Determinação de Necessidades de Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Críticos/normas , Infecção Hospitalar/prevenção & controle , Recursos em Saúde/organização & administração , Humanos , Disseminação de Informação/métodos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Determinação de Necessidades de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Admissão do Paciente/normas , Equipamento de Proteção Individual/normas , Admissão e Escalonamento de Pessoal , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Alocação de Recursos/métodos , Alocação de Recursos/organização & administração , SARS-CoV-2 , Software , Espanha/epidemiologia , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal/organização & administração
9.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-187017

RESUMO

En enero de 2020 China identificó un nuevo virus de la familia de los Coronaviridae como causante de varios casos de neumonía de origen desconocido. Inicialmente confinado a la ciudad de Wuhan, se extendió posteriormente fuera de las fronteras chinas. En España, el primer caso se declaró el 31 de enero de 2020. El 11 de marzo, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró el brote de coronavirus como pandemia. El 16 de marzo había 139 países afectados. Ante esta situación, las Sociedades Científicas SEMICYUC y SEEIUC han decidido la elaboración de este plan de contingencia para dar respuesta a las necesidades que conllevará esta nueva enfermedad. Se pretende estimar la magnitud del problema e identificar las necesidades asistenciales, de recursos humanos y materiales, de manera que los servicios de medicina intensiva del país tengan una herramienta que les permita una planificación óptima y realista con que responder a la pandemia


In January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified a new virus of the Coronaviridae family as the cause of several cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology. The outbreak was initially confined to Wuhan City, but then spread outside Chinese borders. On 31 January 2020, the first case was declared in Spain. On 11 March 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. On 16 March 2020, there were 139 countries affected. In this situation, the Scientific Societies SEMICYUC and SEEIUC, have decided to draw up this Contingency Plan to guide the response of the Intensive Care Services. The objectives of this plan are to estimate the magnitude of the problem and identify the necessary human and material resources. This is to provide the Spanish Intensive Medicine Services with a tool to programme optimal response strategies


Assuntos
Humanos , Cuidados Críticos , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Planos de Contingência , Pandemias
10.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 39(9): 530-536, dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-145026

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Analizar las prácticas de tratamiento nutricional en un Servicio de Medicina Intensiva (SMI) para detectar la necesidad de acciones de mejora. Reevaluar el proceso tras la implementación de las acciones de mejora. DISEÑO: Estudio observacional prospectivo en 3 fases: 1) observación; 2) análisis, elaboración de propuestas y su difusión; 3) análisis de la implantación. ÁMBITO: SMI de un hospital de alta complejidad. PARTICIPANTES: Adultos en UCI con previsión de nutrición artificial de más de 48 h. VARIABLES DE INTERÉS PRINCIPALES: Nutrición parenteral (NP), nutrición enteral (NE) (tipo, volumen eficaz medio, complicaciones) y ratio nutricional media. RESULTADOS: Participaron 229 pacientes (fase 1: 110; fase 3: 119). Tras el análisis de los resultados, se propusieron: incremento en uso y precocidad de NE, incremento en aporte proteico, monitorización de la eficacia nutricional y mayor indicación de NP complementaria. Las medidas fueron difundidas en reuniones específicas. Durante la fase 3 hubo más pacientes con NE (55,5 vs. 78,2%; p=0,001), sin diferencia significativa en el tiempo de inicio de NE (1,66 vs. 2,33 días), duración (6,82 vs. 10,12 días) o complicaciones (37,7 vs. 47,3%). La utilización de dietas hiperproteicas fue mayor en la fase 3 (0 vs. 13,01%; p < 0,05). El empleo de NP fue similar (48,2 vs. 48,7%) con tendencia al inicio más tardío en la fase 3 (1,25 ± 1,25 vs. 2,45 ± 3,22 días; p = NS). No hubo diferencias significativas en la ratio nutricional media (0,56 ± 0,28 vs. 0,61 ± 0,27; p = 0,56). CONCLUSIONES: Se incrementó la utilización de la NE y el aporte proteico sin apreciarse efectos sobre el resto de las medidas propuestas. Otros métodos parecen ser necesarios para la adecuada implantación de medidas de mejora


OBJECTIVES: To analyze the nutritional management practices in Intensive Care (ICU) to detect the need for improvement actions. Re-evaluate the process after implementation of improvement actions. DESIGN: Prospective observational study in 3 phases: 1) observation; 2) analysis, proposal development and dissemination; 3) analysis of the implementation. SETTING: ICU of a hospital of high complexity. PARTICIPANTS: Adult ICU forecast more than 48h of artificial nutrition. PRIMARY ENDPOINTS: Parenteral nutrition (PN), enteral nutrition (EN) (type, average effective volume, complications) and average nutritional ratio. RESULTS: A total of 229 patients (phase 1: 110, phase 3: 119). After analyzing the initial results, were proposed: increased use and precocity of EN, increased protein intake, nutritional monitoring effectiveness and increased supplementary indication NP. The measures were broadcast at specific meetings. During phase 3 more patients received EN (55.5 vs. 78.2%, P = .001), with no significant difference in the start time (1.66 vs. 2.33 days), duration (6.82 vs. 10,12 days) or complications (37,7 vs. 47,3%).Use of hyperproteic diets was higher in phase 3 (0 vs. 13.01%,P < .05). The use of NP was similar (48.2 vs. 48,7%) with a tendency to a later onset in phase 3 (1.25 ± 1.25 vs. 2.45 ± 3.22 days). There were no significant differences in the average nutritional ratio (0.56 ± 0.28 vs. 0.61 ± 0.27, P = . 56). CONCLUSIONS: The use of EN and the protein intake increased, without appreciating effects on other improvement measures. Other methods appear to be necessary for the proper implementation of improvement measures


Assuntos
Humanos , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Terapia Nutricional/métodos , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas , Apoio Nutricional/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos
11.
Med Intensiva ; 39(9): 530-6, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26048410

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the nutritional management practices in Intensive Care (ICU) to detect the need for improvement actions. Re-evaluate the process after implementation of improvement actions. DESIGN: Prospective observational study in 3 phases: 1) observation; 2) analysis, proposal development and dissemination; 3) analysis of the implementation. SETTING: ICU of a hospital of high complexity. PARTICIPANTS: Adult ICU forecast more than 48h of artificial nutrition. PRIMARY ENDPOINTS: Parenteral nutrition (PN), enteral nutrition (EN) (type, average effective volume, complications) and average nutritional ratio. RESULTS: A total of 229 patients (phase 1: 110, phase 3: 119). After analyzing the initial results, were proposed: increased use and precocity of EN, increased protein intake, nutritional monitoring effectiveness and increased supplementary indication NP. The measures were broadcast at specific meetings. During phase 3 more patients received EN (55.5 vs. 78.2%, P=.001), with no significant difference in the start time (1.66 vs. 2.33 days), duration (6.82 vs. 10,12 days) or complications (37,7 vs. 47,3%).Use of hyperproteic diets was higher in phase 3 (0 vs. 13.01%, P<.05). The use of NP was similar (48.2 vs. 48,7%) with a tendency to a later onset in phase 3 (1.25±1.25 vs. 2.45±3.22 days). There were no significant differences in the average nutritional ratio (0.56±0.28 vs. 0.61±0.27, P=.56). CONCLUSIONS: The use of EN and the protein intake increased, without appreciating effects on other improvement measures. Other methods appear to be necessary for the proper implementation of improvement measures.


Assuntos
Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Política Nutricional , Centros de Traumatologia/organização & administração , Adulto , Idoso , Estado Terminal/terapia , Proteínas na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Suplementos Nutricionais , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Nutrição Enteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Apoio Nutricional , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Nutrição Parenteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Melhoria de Qualidade , Centros de Atenção Terciária
12.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(2): 83-87, mar. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036712

RESUMO

Objetivo. Valorar la eficacia clínica y la incidencia de efectos adversos con la nueva pauta posológica de vancomicina en perfusión continua. Diseño. Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo durante 17 semanas, desde el 1 de septiembre hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2002. Ámbito. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) Polivalente del Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre de Madrid. Pacientes. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes ingresados en la UCI mayores de 18 años de edad, con sospecha clínica o diagnóstico de infección por cocos grampositivos que fueron tratados con vancomicina en perfusión continua. Durante el período de estudio fueron ingresados 110 pacientes, de los cuales 18 fueron incluidos. Intervención. Se pautó una dosis inicial de carga de 15 mg/kg de peso administrada en 60 minutos, seguida de dosis de mantenimiento de 30 mg/kg de peso cada 12 horas en perfusión continua. Variables de interés principales. Monitorización de los niveles séricos de vancomicina cada 48 horas y de la función renal mediante la determinación de creatinina sérica diaria y el cálculo de aclaramiento de creatinina basal previa al inicio de la perfusión de vancomicina y semanalmente. Resultados. Fueron incluidos en el estudio 18 pacientes de los cuales 14 fueron mujeres. La edad media fue de 61,9 años. El APACHE II medio al ingreso fue de 16,7. Los motivos de ingreso más frecuentes fueron: shock séptico de distintas etiologías, 7 enfermos; insuficiencia respiratoria en 6. El antibiótico se pautó de forma empírica en 4 pacientes. El microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado en los cultivos microbiológicos fue el Staphylococcus epidermidis, 7. La dosis media de vancomicina administrada fue de 25,8 mg/kg/día. Los niveles plasmáticos medios de vancomicina fueron 18,15 µg/ml. La duración media del tratamiento fue de 13,8 días. Se asociaron antibióticos ß-lactámicos en todos los pacientes y aminoglucósidos en 11. En 2 pacientes se suspendió el tratamiento por deterioro de la función renal. Once pacientes presentaron mejoría, en 4 hubo fracaso terapéutico y 3 fallecieron. Conclusiones. La administración de vancomicina en perfusión continua se asocia a una eficacia clínica ligeramente mayor y menores efectos adversos que los descritos con la administración de dosis múltiples. Asimismo supone mayor comodidad de administración, disminución de las cargas de trabajo de enfermería y menor manipulación de los catéteres intravasculares


Aim. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and incidence of adverse effects related to the new posological scheme of continous vancomycin infusion. Design. Prospective, descriptive 17-week study realized September 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002. Location. Multipurpose Intensive Care Unit of University Hospital Doce de Octubre in Madrid. Patients. There were included all over-18-year-old patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for clinically suspected or diagnosed gram-positive cocci infection, and who were receiving treatment with continuous vancomycin infusion. There were 110 patients admitted during the period of study, of which 18 were included. Intervention. There was ordered an initial dose of 15 mg/kg administered over 60 minutes, followed by a maintenance dose in continuous infusion of 30 mg/kg every 12 hours. Main variables of interest. Monitoring of vancomycin serum levels every 48 hours, and of renal function through the daily determination of serum creatinine levels and calculation of basal creatinine clearance at the beginning of vancomycin infusion and weekly thereafter. Results. There were included in the study 18 patients, of whom 14 were women. Average age was 61.9 years old. Average APACHE II scores at time of admittance was 16.7. Most common reasons for admittance were: septic shock of varying ethiology (7 patients), and respiratory failure (6 patients). Antibiotics were empirically prescribed in 4 patients. The microorganism more commonly isolated in microbiological cultures was Staphylococcus epidermidis (7 patients). The average dose of vancomycin administered was 25.8 mg/kg/day. Average plasma levels of vancomycin were 18.15 µg/ml. Average duration of the treatment was 13.8 days. Also included were the use of ß-lactamic antibiotics in all patients, and aminoglycoside antibiotics in 11. Treatment was suspended in 2 patients due to deterioration in renal function. Eleven patients showed improvement, in 4 there was therapeutic failure and 3 patients expired. Conclusions. The administration of continuous vancomycin infusion is associated with slightly greater clinical effectiveness and fewer adverse effects than those described for multiple-dose administrations. It is also easier to administer, requires less work on the part of nursing staff and reduces manipulation of intravenous catheters


Assuntos
Humanos , Vancomicina , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Estudos Prospectivos , Bombas de Infusão , Dose Repetida
13.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 28(5): 237-249, mayo 2004. graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-35343

RESUMO

Objetivo. Valorar el grado de satisfacción de los familiares de los pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) respecto al entorno asistencial y a la información recibida, motivando la reflexión sobre la atención prestada y analizando los procesos susceptibles de mejora.Diseño. Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo durante un período de 4 meses. Ámbito. UCI polivalente del Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre de Madrid. Pacientes. Pacientes adultos ingresados en la UCI y que fueron dados de alta a planta de hospitalización. Intervención. Se diseñó una encuesta con 40 preguntas que se distribuyó a los familiares de primer grado de los pacientes a los 15 días del alta de la unidad. La recogida de los datos se efectuó mediante entrevista personal o telefónica.Variables de interés principales. En la encuesta se recogieron datos demográficos; motivo de ingreso y sus complicaciones durante el éste; condiciones medioambientales (intimidad, ruidos, mobiliario, sala de espera, limpieza, etc.); relación con el personal médico y la calidad de la información que había recibido; relación con el personal de enfermería (información sobre los cuidados y las normas de la UCI); y, por último, la organización y los tiempos de la visita. Resultados. Se incluyó en el estudio a 55 pacientes. Los motivos más frecuentes de ingreso fueron: insuficiencia respiratoria grave, 33,3 por ciento; patología neurológica, 33,3 por ciento, y sepsis de diverso origen, 21,6 por ciento. El tiempo medio (DE) de estancia en la UCI fue de 8,8 (8) días. Respecto a las condiciones medioambientales, se detectó la necesidad de una sala de espera acondicionada y una sala de información más amplia e iluminada. El 98 por ciento de los encuestados consideró óptimos la limpieza y el orden de la UCI. El nivel de ruido y la iluminación ambientales se valoraron positivamente. El 89 por ciento de los encuestados consideró la información médica diaria clara y el 82 por ciento, adecuado el horario de información. La información diaria acerca de los procesos de cuidados de enfermería se valoró como fluida y adecuada. Se detectó un elevado porcentaje de respuestas que indicaban la necesidad de ampliar el tiempo de permanencia con su familiar.Conclusiones. La relación del personal sanitario con los familiares de los pacientes fue valorada positivamente, pero los resultados detectaron la necesidad de realizar mejoras estructurales en la UCI y modificar el régimen de visita (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Cuidados Críticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Coleta de Dados , Relações Médico-Paciente , Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos
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